Novelists, poets, journalists, filmmakers, and others use numerous elements in making a compelling, interesting, and believable story. Sarah swam smoothly and silently across the sound. direct address to an absent or otherwise unresponsive entity (someone or something dead, imaginary, abstract, or inanimate). Here are a few examples of metaphor: Hyperbole is a remarkably exaggerated statement or idea meant to be taken figuratively rather than literally. Flashbacks are used to provide more information about the present and to further develop plots and characters in a way that is more interesting and complicated than a simple chronological plot. Persuasion is an extremely powerful tool, as gaining the hearts and minds of an audience means gaining their support and action. An ekphrastic poem is a vivid description of a scene or, more commonly, a work of art. (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); Literary terms are important in a wide variety of ways. Figurative language allows writers to transcend logical and typical bounds of thinking in order to present things in a new and meaningful way. A popular narrative song passed down orally. Sonnet 18: Shall I compare thee to a summer’s day? Unrhyming iambic pentameter, also called heroic verse. dual, twofold, characterized by two parts. Close repetition of consonant sounds, especially initial consonant sounds. This is an act of wordplay: rearranging a word in a creative way to change, emphasize, or mock its meaning. A phrase or line repeated at intervals within a poem, especially at the end of a stanza. Because figurative language is not literal, it should not be used in compositions which are meant to be taken literally, such as scientific and mathematic manuals or textbooks. A pithy, instructive statement or truism, like a maxim or adage. The repetition of vowel sounds without repeating consonants; sometimes called vowel rhyme. Here are a few examples of hyperbole: A story is not a story without a plot and characters. With their carefully crafted speeches geared towards both logical and emotional thinking, they challenge our everyday modes of thinking. repetition of similar sounds. That is, the parallel form. The climax can occur at any point in a poem, and can register on different levels, e.g. A pair of successive rhyming lines, usually of the same length. They can also include the tools of persuasion that writers use to convince and drive audiences to action. Sound and rhythm can be used in all compositions from poetry and song to prose and speechmaking to film and television dialogue. Literary terms also include powerful figurative language that writers use to summon emotion ranging from guilt to anger to bliss, and to allow us to see the world in new and magical ways. Climax is one of the most important and necessary elements of a story’s plot, as all drama that has been developing over the course of the story reaches a breaking point when something or someone must change. His Excuse for Loving, A Shropshire Lad  2: Loveliest of trees, the cherry now, The Contract Says: We'd Like the Conversation to be Bilingual, The Chimney Sweeper: A little black thing among the snow, The Chimney Sweeper: When my mother died I was very young, To a Friend Whose Work Has Come to Nothing, Consider the Hands that Write this Letter, In California: Morning, Evening, Late January, Often I Am Permitted to Return to a Meadow, The Goddess Who Created This Passing World, Abecedarian Requiring Further Examination of Anglikan Seraphym Subjugation of a Wild Indian Rezervation, Lying in a Hammock at William Duffy’s Farm in Pine Island, Minnesota, [i carry your heart with me(i carry it in], “No, I wasn’t meant to love and be loved”, Early Occult Memory Systems of the Lower Midwest, I Know, I Remember, But How Can I Help You, Make a Law So That the Spine Remembers Wings, Poem (I lived in the first century of world wars), Sign for My Father, Who Stressed the Bunt, The Bookshelf of the God of Infinite Space, Vision in Which the Final Blackbird Disappears, To S. M. A Young African Painter, On Seeing His Works, Holy Sonnets: Batter my heart, three-person'd God. A Japanese verse form of three unrhyming lines in five, seven, and five syllables. direct address to an absent or otherwise unresponsive entity (someone or something dead, imaginary, abstract, or inanimate). Rhetorical devices can be used to strengthen arguments which persuade and convince audiences. Punny is a blend word, or portmanteau, which combines “pun” and “funny” to describe a funny pun. To "scan" a line of poetry is to mark its stressed and unstressed syllables. The way we word things can create rhythm, musicality, and poetry for the reader or listener. Here are a few examples of rhetorical questions: For centuries, poets and laypeople alike have used beautiful language to celebrate nature, compliment lovers, and launch the mundane into the mystical. the speaker’s or author’s attitude toward the reader, addressee, or subject matter. Plots are not always simple or linear, though, and characters are elements of a story which may be built, developed, and complicated. Often, satire utilizes comedy for more serious means, such as political and social commentary. Here are a few examples of onomatopoeia: Have you ever heard someone describe a phrase as “punny”? Browse this list of poetic terms, including literary devices, poetic forms and techniques, and schools and movements. Things must happen, and they must happen to interesting people who are flawed, capable of change, and active in their world. Here are a few common examples of malapropisms: A cliché is an overused saying or idea which has lost its original meaning or power. In the English tradition, it usually follows a form of rhymed (ABCB) quatrains alternating four-stress and three-stress lines. The power of persuasion can gain voters for a politician, convince people to take action for a cause, or get you a raise at your job. Literary terms have a wide range of application, from the poet’s beauty, to the speaker’s persuasion, to the novelist’s story development. We often use rhetorical questions in everyday conversation as well as in speeches. They allow writers and speakers to make comments on society, politics, and trends. Neologisms are literally new words, or words recently created in order to describe something which has never been described. the repetition of vowel-sounds. A French verse form consisting of five three-line stanzas and a final quatrain, with the first and third lines of the first stanza repeating alternately in the following stanzas. An early 20th-century poetic movement that relied on the resonance of concrete images drawn in precise, colloquial language rather than traditional poetic diction and meter. A comparison that is made without pointing out a similarity by using words such as “like,” “as,” or “than.”. Its themes persist in poems that romanticize rural life or reappraise the natural world. The tone of a poem immediately impresses itself upon the reader, yet it can be quite difficult to describe and analyze. A formal, often ceremonious lyric poem that addresses and often celebrates a person, place, thing, or idea. With appeals to both pure logic and powerful emotion, persuasion is an art that has been employed for centuries. Persuasion should be used when convincing others is the goal in mind. Literary terms have the power to create serious, comedic, or whimsical moods via tools of persuasion, poeticism, and wordplay. (Pronounciation: “guzzle”) Originally an Arabic verse form dealing with loss and romantic love. a "run-on" line that carries over into the next to complete its meaning. Poets writing in English drew on the pastoral tradition by retreating from the trappings of modernity to the imagined virtues and romance of rural life. A letter in verse, usually addressed to a person close to the writer. Literally a “little song,” the sonnet traditionally reflects upon a single sentiment, with a clarification or “turn” of thought in its concluding lines. apostrophe. Copyright © 2020 The President and Fellows of Harvard College. Alliteration is used to create rhythm through repetition and to evoke emotion through connotations attached to certain sounds. Poetry whose meter is determined by the total number of syllables per line, rather than the number of stresses. Rhythm provides soothing and meaningful repetition and emphasis in prose and poetry. a traditional theme or motif (e.g. the basic unit of accentual-syllabic and quantitative meter, usually combining a stress with one or more unstressed syllables. (See also. The list is intended as a quick-reference guide and is by no means exhaustive; similarly, the definitions given below aim for practical utility rather than completeness. Literary terms also include powerful figurative language that writers use to summon emotion ranging from guilt to anger to bliss, and to allow us to see the world in new and magical ways. For a rhetorician or speechwriter, writing and speaking in a convincing and persuasive manner is a profession, one which utilizes numerous tools of the trade to appeal to an audience. Apostrophe: . Alliteration. This flashback shows us that the woman in the store is important to the man, as she was an important person in his past. a regularly repeating rhythm, divided for convenience into, a figure of speech in which something is represented by another thing that is commonly and often physically associated with it, e.g. That was the best performance I’ve ever seen in my entire life. A set of terms designed to help students comprehend the elements of the poetic form. Ode to the Electric Fish that Eat Only the Tails of Other Electric Fish, Might Have Been July, Might Have Been December, [My prime of youth is but a frost of cares], ['Joy of my life, full oft for loving you'], “What lips my lips have kissed, and where, and why”, Epitaph on the Tombstone of a Child, the Last of Seven that Died Before, Idea 20: An evil spirit, your beauty, haunts me still, Sonnet 55: Not marble nor the gilded monuments, Sonnet: On Being Cautioned Against Walking on an Headland Overlooking the Sea, Because It Was Frequented by a Lunatic, To the Negro Farmers of the United States, “I think I should have loved you presently”, Idea 43: Why should your fair eyes with such sovereign grace, Sonnet 15: When I consider everything that grows, Sonnet 23: Methought I saw my late espoused saint, Sonnet 84: While one sere leaf, that parting Autumn yields, Sonnets from the Portuguese 43: How do I love thee? the musical quality created by a pattern of beats… (An audible pause at the end of a line is called an, from the Greek letter Chi ( Χ ), a "crossed" rhetorical parallel. Sonnet 29: When, in disgrace with fortune and men’s eyes, What to Say Upon Being Asked to Be Friends. Bright star, would I were stedfast as thou art”, On the fleet streams, the Sun, that late arose, Love Calls Us to the Things of This World, “Hope” is the thing with feathers - (314), Song: “You charm'd me not with that fair face”, A Celebration of Charis: I. A regular pattern of sound or rhythm may emerge in free-verse lines, but the poet does not adhere to a metrical plan in their composition. A love poem or song welcoming or lamenting the arrival of the dawn. Figurative language creates connections between unlike things which have never been considered before. Stories in any form require a variety of plot and character devices to shape their development and supply their meaning. Anagrams are a type of wordplay in which the letters of a word or phrase are rearranged to create a new word or phrase containing the exact same letters. Alliteration. 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